Macbeth Charachter Essay

Macbeth Character Essay In Act 1, Macbeth is described by Duncan as â€Å"O valiant cousin! Worthy gentleman! † By the end of the play, Malcolm calls him a â€Å"dead butcher†. Trace the changes in Macbeths’ character, analysing the reasons behind them. Macbeth’s ruthless seeking journey for power, urged on by his wife, becomes his tragic flaw which leads to his downfall in all ways. The tragic hero is used by Shakespeare to show how the tragedy lies in the greatness that could so easily have been Macbeth’s.Inevitably, his conversion in character all results in his ambition which causes him to act in such brutal ways. We note how an idealised individual such as Macbeth’s changes into a despised one. We observe Macbeth’s greatness and bravery in combat through the Captain’s account of the battle. Macbeth is described as â€Å"Valour’s minion† who â€Å"carved out his passage till he faced the slave†. One exam ines the respect enclosed in his companion soldiers who give him the name â€Å"brave Macbeth†.This is followed by a line of reassurance which is â€Å"well he deserves that name†. Macbeth’s honour and excellence in battle is demonstrated in Duncan’s words â€Å"O valiant cousin! Worthy gentleman! †. His lack of fear displays his courage and heroism presented in the line â€Å"As cannons over-charged with double-cracks†. Shakespeare uses this to highlight the greatness he once had. We immediately suspect the thought of Duncan’s murder in Macbeth’s mind through the line â€Å"Good sir, why do you start and seem to fear things that sound so fair? . Macbeth’s ambition seems to take control of him as he continuously orders the witches to inform him of the prophecies in the lines â€Å"Stay, you imperfect speakers! Tell me more† and â€Å"Speak, I charge you! †. One can imagine Macbeth’s subsequent actio ns in the line â€Å"nothing is but what is not† as through it we realise that the only values that exists for Macbeth are those which he does not yet have, the Kingship. This continues to demonstrate how his ambition takes full control over him.Macbeth realises that he must act quickly as â€Å"The Prince of Cumberland† is â€Å"a step on which he must fall down, or else o’erleap†, which continues to indicate how his ambition is taking over him and triggers his thought of Duncan’s murder which will soon become a reality. Macbeth recognizes the various reasons of why he should not kill Duncan and is tormented about these doubts, however he resolves to his â€Å"Vaulting ambition, which o’erleaps itself and falls on the other†. However the loyalty shown to King Duncan in previous scenes is forgotten completely and his true colours are really being shown.We can see how Macbeth deceives Banquo by replying: â€Å"i think not of them† when Banquo says he dreamt of the witches. This is linked to the theme of â€Å"appearance vs. reality† as we see the â€Å"false face† Macbeth has put on. Macbeth’s guilty, overwrought brain induces him to see visions before he does the murder. His guilt becomes outwardly visible to his own eyes, which he calls â€Å"a dagger of the mind†. This is a sign of the great turmoil in his mind where this fearless soldier is now tormented by images of blood and fear of the unknown.After Duncan’s murder Macbeth realizes that because of the deed he has just committed he has lost the possibility of ever receiving blessing. He appears to be conscience stricken as he struggles to say â€Å"Amen†. He realises perfectly well the extent of his guilt as we see in the lines â€Å"Will all great Neptune’s Ocean wash this blood clean from my hand? No† and â€Å"The pluck out mine eyes†. Macbeth’s guilt induces loss of sleep and, since he has lost his peace of mind, his innocence and guilt will torture him. His guilt becomes clearly evident in the line â€Å"Wake Duncan with thy knocking!I would thou couldst† and this shows how he will be scarred and damned for eternity. Macbeth’s mind is tormented by the witches’ prophecy that Banquo’s descendants will be kings of Scotland and convinces murderers that Banquo has always been their enemy while forcing them to kill him. This imposes the reprehensive position with which he has become, even worse than the murderers. Macbeth’s guilt and wickedness is also embodied in the ghost of Banquo which appears to torture Macbeth at the banquet he has organised for the succession of the throne.As soon as Macbeth hypocritically mentions Banquo, he sees his ghost however Macbeth attributes his hallucination of the ghost to being a result of him being a beginner in murder. In later murders Macbeth appears to be quite hardened to the horrors o f murder. He does feel guilt but this is not enough to keep him from committing further murders as he says that he is â€Å"in blood stepped in so far that should I wade no more returning were as tedious as going o’er†. Macbeth derives security from the witches as he typically interprets the apparitions in his favour, rejecting what is unfavourable to him.We remember Hecate’s words: â€Å"security is mortals’ chiefest enemy†. By the end of the play Macbeth becomes completely ruthless and irrational and decides that â€Å"The very firstlings of my heart shall be the firstlings of my hand†. He therefore resolves to attack Macduff’s castle and kill his family. This accentuates Macbeth’s evil even more while showing the degeneration in his character as he murders a defenceless woman and her children. Macbeth no longer has any soul searching as he does not justify himself anymore with soliloquies before doing his deeds.This causes h im to become completely ruthless and unscrupulous, making him an outright villain. Although throughout the book Macbeth seems to be influenced by his wife and the witches, it is Macbeth and his will to become king that performs each and every deed. Macbeth could so easily have been a righteous and respectable person however it is his ambition and will that induces him to become a â€Å"hell hound† and a â€Å"dead butcher†. Although Macbeth has become a changed man his only kingly characteristic was his courage to fight until he, the lonely saddened yet ruthless character, died in battle.

Be Careful of the Hidden Clause in Contract

We use contracts to handle a lot of things in our life. Such as, we need contract to rent an apartment, to get a wireless phone service, to install a cable TV, to get a job, to open a bank account etc. However, the contract is not simple and straightforward. There are many hidden dangers that we are not conscious. We must be careful of the hidden clause in contract in order to protect the benefit of us. At the first glance, you may feel eased since there are a lot of tedious clauses in contract to protect you if the service does not get delivered in time with good quality as promised, if another pay does not pay you on time. You may feel that the contracts are wordy and unreadable so you don’t have to study it cautiously. I am even thinking why all the person like to make the contracts so wordy? I open a bank account only. Why give me contract more than 10 pages? I just rent an apartment; does it need a contract like a book? I know that the longer contract can make the rights and the obligations clearer than the short one. But just because it is wordy, I don’t read it all; and because I don’t read it all, I fail to know the most important thing to me in the contract and lost a lot. However, contracts do not always protect you, especially the pre-prints from service providers, if you ready contract carefully with enough patience, you will find a number of areas you can unknowingly find yourself getting into trouble or being taken advantage of. For example, some contract may look like to give you a large rebate, but you will find you are bounded to the server provider for two years just after you signed it, you can get out of it unless you pay a large penalty. In the contract like this, the part of rebate usual is written in the easy-find-way and the part of unconscionability used euphemistic description. So, my mind is full of the benefits I can get and forget what I need pay for that. Whatever, the clause you ignored maybe the very critical. Read the contract carefully and patiently is very important.

Bay Of Pigs The Failed Invasion Essay

Bay Of Pigs: The Failed Invasion Essay, Research Paper Bay of Pigs: The Failed Invasion The narrative of the failed invasion of Cuba at the Bay of Pigs is one of misdirection, certitude, and deficiency of security. The incrimination for the failure of the operation falls straight in the lap of the Central Intelligence Agency and a immature president along with his advisers. The autumn out from the invasion caused a rise in tenseness between the two great world powers and ironically, 38 old ages after the event, the individual whom the invasion was meant to tumble, Fidel Castro is still in power. To understand the beginnings of the invasion and its branchings for the hereafter, it is first necessary to look at the invasion and its beginnings. The Bay of Pigs invasion of April 1961, started a few yearss before the bombardment of Cuba on April fifteenth by what appeared to be deserting Cuban air force pilots. At 6 a.m. on that Saturday, B-26 bombers bombed three Cuban military bases. The landing fields at Camp Libertad, San Antonio de Los Banos and Antonio Maceo airdrome at Santiago de Cuba were fired upon. Seven people were killed at Libertad and 47 people were killed at other sites on the island. Two of the B-26s left Cuba and flew to Miami, seemingly to desert to the United States. The Cuban Revolutionary Council, the authorities in expatriate, in New York City released a statement stating, ? The bombardments in Cuba were carried out by? Cubans inside Cuba? who were? in contact with? the top bid of the Revolutionary Council. ? The New York Times newsman covering the narrative alluded to something being incorrect with the whole state of affairs. He wondered how the council knew the pilots were coming if the pilots had merely decided to go forth Cuba on Thursday after a suspected treachery by a fellow pilot had precipitated a secret plan to strike. Whatever the instance, the planes came down in Miami subsequently that forenoon. One landed at Key West Naval Air Station at 7:00 a.m. and the other at Miami International Airport at 8:20 a.m. Both planes were severely damaged and their fuel armored combat vehicles were about empty. On the front page of The New York Times the following twenty-four hours, a image of a B-26 was shown along with a image of one of the pilots have oning a baseball chapeau and concealing behind dark dark glassess. His name was withheld. Even at this early phase, a sense of confederacy had begun to unknot the events of that hebdomad. In the early hours of April seventeenth, the assault on the Bay of Pigs began in a cloak and sticker manner. The assault began at 2 a.m. with a squad of? divers? traveling ashore with orders to put up set downing visible radiations. Those visible radiations indicated to the chief assault force the precise location of their aims, every bit good as to unclutter the country of anything that may hinder the chief landing squads when they arrived at 2:30 a.m. At 3:00 ante meridiem, two battalions came ashore at Playa Gir? N and one battalion at Playa Larga beaches. The military personnels at Playa Gir? N had orders to travel west, north-west, up the seashore and meet with the military personnels at Playa Larga in the center of the bay. A little group of work forces were so to be sent North to the town of Jaguey Grande to procure it every bit good. When looking at a modern map of Cuba it is obvious that military personnels would hold jobs in the country that was chosen for them to set down. The country around the Bay of Pigs is a boggy fen land country which would be hard on the military personnels. The Cuban forces were speedy to respond and Castro ordered his T-33 trainer jets, along with two Sea Furies, and two B-26s into the air to halt the invading forces. Off the seashore were the bid and control ship and another vas transporting supplies for the invading forces. The Cuban air force made speedy work of the supply ships, droping the bid vas, Marsopa, and the supply ship, Houston, blaring them to pieces with five-inch projectiles. Lost with the Houston was the 5th battalion every bit good as the supplies for the landing squads and eight other smaller vass. With some of the invading forces? ships destroyed, and no bid and control ship, the logistics of the operation shortly broke down as the other supply ships were kept at bay by Casto? s air force. As with many failed military escapades, one of the jobs with this 1 was with providing the military personnels. In th e air, Castro had easy won high quality over the incursive force. His fast traveling T-33s, although unimpressive by today? s criterions, made short work of the slow traveling B-26s of the occupying force. On Tuesday, two were shot out of the sky and by Wednesday, the encroachers had lost 10 of their 12 aircraft. With air power steadfastly in control of Castro? s forces, the terminal was near for the incursive ground forces. During the seventy-two-hour invasion, the Cubans pounded the occupying force of about 1500 work forces. The encroachers? arms were no lucifer for Castro? s 122mm Howitzers, 22mm cannons, and armored combat vehicle fire. By Wednesday the encroachers were pushed back to their landing zone at Playa Gir? N. Surrounded by Castro? s forces, some surrendered while others fled into the hills. One hundred 14 work forces were killed in the slaughter while 36 died as captives in Cuban cells. Others were to populate out twenty old ages or more in those cells for plotting to tumble the authorities of Castro. The work forces of the occupying force neer had a opportunity for success from about the first yearss in the planning phase of the operation. Operation Pluto, as it came to be known, has its beginnings in the last yearss of the Eisenhower Administration and the cloudy clip period during the passage of power to the freshly elected president, John F. Kennedy. In late 1958, Castro was still contending a guerilla war against the corrupt government of Fulgencio Batista. Before he came to power, there was an incident between his military personnels and some vacationing American military personnels from the nearby American naval base at Guantanamo Bay. During the incident, some US Marines were held confined by Casto? s forces but were subsequently released after a ransom was in secret paid. This episode soured dealingss between Castro and the United States. The head of U.S. Naval Operations, Admiral Burke, suggested sending in the Marines to destruct Castro? s forces, but Secretary of State Foster Dulles disagreed. Originally Castro was non a Communist ; he even had meetings with Vice President Richard Nixon. Fearful of Castro? s revolution, people with money, including physicians, attorneies, and the Mafia, left Cuba for the United States. To forestall the loss of more capital Castro? s solution was to nationalise some of the concerns in Cuba. In the procedure of nationalising some concern? he came into struggle with American involvements. Legitimate U.S. concerns were taken over, and the procedure of socialisation begun with small if any talk of compensation. Following rumours of Cuban engagement in be aftering to occupy Panama, Guatemala, and the Dominican Republic, the US Government refused Castro any economic assistance. After being rejected by the Americans, he met with Russia? s foreign curate Anasta Mikoyan to procure a $ 100 million loan from the Soviet Union. It was in this ambiance that American Intelligence and Foreign Relations communities decided that Castro was tilting towards co mmunism and had to be dealt with. In the spring of 1960, President Eisenhower approved a program to direct little groups of trained Americans, Cuban exiles, to work in the resistance as guerillas to subvert Castro. By the autumn, the program was changed to a full invasion with air support by expatriate Cubans in American supplied planes. The original group was to be trained in Panama, but with the growing of the operation and the accelerating gait of events in Cuba, it was decided to travel things to a base in Guatemala. The program was going rushed and this would get down to demo. The adult male in charge of the operation, CIA Deputy Director Bissell said, ? There didn? T seem to be clip to maintain to the original program and have a big group trained by this initial cell of immature Cubans. So the larger group was formed and established at La Finca, in Guatemala, and at that place the preparation was conducted wholly by Americans. ? By now it was autumn and President John F. Kennedy had replaced President Eisenhower. President Kennedy could hold stopped the invasion if he wanted to, but he likely did non make so for several grounds. First, he had campaigned for some signifier of action against Cuba and it was besides the tallness of the cold war. To endorse out now would intend holding groups of Cuban expatriates going around the Earth claiming the Americans had backed down on the Cuban issue. In competition with the Soviet Union, endorsing out would do the Americans appear as chickens on the international scene. On the domestic place forepart, the new president would be seen as endorsing off from one of his run promises. The failure at the CIA led to Kennedy doing hapless determinations, impacting future dealingss with Cuba and the Soviet Union. Three grounds caused failure at the CIA central office. First, the incorrect people were managing the operation ; secondly, the bureau in charge of the operation was besides the one supplying all the intelligence for the operation ; and thirdly, the operation had security jobs. In charge of the operation was the Director of Central Intelligence, Allan Dulles and chief duty for the operation was left to one of his deputies, Richard Bissell. In an intelligence community geared chiefly for European operations against the USSR, both work forces lacked experience in Latin American personal businesss. Those in charge of Operation Pluto based this new operation on the success of the Guatemalan escapade, but the state of affairs in Cuba was much different than that in Guatemala. In Guatemala, the state of affairs was still helter-skelter and John Arbenz neer had the same control over the state like Castro had on Cuba. The CIA had the United States Ambassador, John Puerifoy, working on the interior of Guatemala organizing the attempt. In Cuba, they had none of this while the Soviet block was providing Castro. Furthermore, after the overthrow of the authorities in Guatemala, Castro was cognizant that this may go on to him every bit good and likely had his guard up waiting for anything that my indicate an invasion was at hand. The 2nd job was the nature of the bureaucratism itself. The CIA was a new child on the block, and experiencing it had to turn out itself, saw its chance in Cuba. Obsessed with secretiveness, it kept the figure of people involved to a lower limit. The intelligence wing of CIA was kept out of it, although their Board of National Estimates could hold provided information on the state of affairs in Cuba and the opportunities for an rebellion against Castro one time the invasion started. Besides kept out of the cringle were the State Department and the Joint Chiefs of Staff who could hold provided aid on the military side of the escapade. In the terminal, the CIA kept all the information for itself and passed on to the president O nly what it thought he should see. Lucien S. Vandenbroucke, in Political Science Quarterly of 1984, based his analysis of the Bay of Pigs failure on organisational behaviour theory. He says, ? The CIA supplied President Kennedy and his advisors with chosen studies on the undependability of Castro? s forces and the extent of Cuban dissent. ? Of the CIA? s behaviour he concludes, ? By fall backing to the typical organisation scheme of specifying the options and supplying the information required to measure them, the CIA therefore structured the job in a manner that maximized the likeliness the president would take the bureau? s preferred option. ? The CIA made certain the deck was stacked in their favour when the clip came to make up ones mind whether a undertaking they sponsored was sound or non. President Kennedy? s Secretary of State at the clip was Dean Rusk. In his autobiography he stated, ? The CIA told us all kinds of things about the state of affairs in Cuba and what would go on one time the brigade got ashore. President Kennedy received information that merely was non right. For illustration, he was told the elements of the Cuban armed forces would desert and fall in the brigade. Besides there would be popular rebellions throughout Cuba when the brigade hit the beach, and if the expatriate force got into problem, its members would merely run into the countryside and go guerillas, merely as Castro had done. ? As for senior White House Plutos, most of them disagreed with the program every bit good, but Rusk said, ? Kennedy went with what the CIA had to say. ? As for himself, he said, ? He did non function President Kennedy really good, ? and he should hold voiced his resistance louder. He concluded, ? I should hold made my resistance clear in the meetings themselves bec ause he ( Kennedy ) was under force per unit area from those who wanted to proceed. ? When the president was faced with colored information from quiet advisers and the CIA, there was no inquiry why the president decided to travel in front with the operation. For an organisation that deals with security issues, the CIA? s deficiency of security in the Bay of Pigs operation is dry. Security began to interrupt down before the invasion when The New York Times reporter Tad Szulc? . . . learned of Operation Pluto from Cuban friends. . . ? earlier that twelvemonth while in Costa Rica covering an Organization of American States meeting. Another dislocation in security was at the preparation base in Florida. Local occupants near Homestead Air Force Base had seen Cubans boring and heard their speaker units at a farm. As a gag, some bangers were thrown into the compound. The resulting incident saw the Cubans firing their guns and the federal governments holding to convert the local governments non to press charges. Operation Pluto was get downing to be blown broad unfastened, the advantage of surprise was lost even this early in the game. After the initial bombardment foray of April fifteenth, and the landing of the B-26s in Florida, images of the planes were taken and published in newspapers. In the exposure of one of the planes, the olfactory organ of it is opaque whereas the theoretical account of the B-26 the Cubans truly used had a Plexiglas olfactory organ. The CIA had taken the planes to mask the B-26 with? FAR? markers ( Cuban Air Force ) . The bureau overlooked a important item that was spotted instantly by professional perceivers. Castro? s people merely had to read the newspapers to larn something was traveling to go on. The planes that bombed them were non their ain but American. In The New York Times on the twenty-first of April, stories about the beginnings of the operation in the Eisenhower disposal appeared with headlines, ? CIA Had a Role in Exiles? Plan s, ? uncovering the CIA? s engagement. By the twenty-second, the narrative is broad unfastened with headlines in The New York Times saying, ? CIA is accused by Bitter Rebels? and on the 2nd page of that twenty-four hours? s issue is a full article on the inside informations of the operation from its beginnings. The decision one can pull from the articles in The New York Times is, if newsmans knew the whole narrative by the twenty-second, it can be expected that Castro? s intelligence service along with the Soviet Union knew about the planned invasion every bit good. Tad Szulc? s study in the April 22nd edition of The New York Times says it all, . . . ? As has been an unfastened secret in Florida and Central America for months, the CIA planned, coordinated and directed the operations that ended in licking on a beachhead in southern Cuba Wednesday. ? It is clear now ; portion of the failure of the operation was caused by a deficiency of security and attending to detail on the portion of the Central Intelligence Agency, and misinformation given to the president. On the international scene, the Bay of Pigs invasion lead straight to increased tensenesss between the United States and the Soviet Union. During the invasion, messages were exchanged between Kennedy and Khrushchev sing the events in C uba. Khrushchev accused the Americans of being involved in the invasion. Stating in one of his messages, ? That a alleged? little war? can bring forth a concatenation reaction in all parts of the universe. We shall render the Cuban people and their Government all necessary aid in crushing back the armed onslaught on Cuba. ? Kennedy replied, giving American positions on democracy and the containment of communism. He besides warned against Soviet engagement in Cuba, stating to Khrushchev, ? In the event of any military intercession by outside force we will instantly honour our duties under the inter-American system to protect this hemisphere against external aggression. ? However, this crisis passed, but it set the phase for the following major crisis over Soviet atomic missiles in Cuba and likely led to the Soviets increasing their military support for Castro. In the disposal itself, the Bay of Pigs crisis led to a few alterations. First, person had to take the incrimination for the matter and, as Director of Central Intelligence, Allen Dulles was forced to vacate and left CIA in November of 1961. Internally, the CIA was neer the same, and although it continued with covert operations against Castro, it was on a much-reduced graduated table. Harmonizing to a study of the Select Senate Committee on Intelligence, ? Future operations were to nurture a spirit of opposition and alienation which could take to important desertions and other byproducts of unrest. ? The CIA besides now came under the supervising of the president? s brother Bobby, the Attorney General. Harmonizing to Lucien S. Vandenbroucke, the result of the Bay of Pigs failure besides made th e White House suspicious of an operation that everyone agreed to, made them less loath to oppugn the experts, and made them play? annoy? s advocators? when oppugning them. In the terminal, the lessons learned from the Bay of Pigs failure may hold contributed to the successful handling of the Cuban missile crisis that followed. The long-run branchings of the Bay of Pigs invasion are a small harder to measure. The ultimate indicant of the invasion failure is that 38 old ages subsequently Castro is still in power. This non merely indicates the failure of the Bay of Pigs invasion, but American policy towards Cuba in general. The American policy instead than sabotaging Castro? s support, has likely contributed to it. As with many wars, even a cold one, the leader is able to beat up his people around him against an attacker. No longer having aid from the Soviet Union, things were get downing to alter. He has opened the Cuban economic system for some investing, chiefly in telecommunication s, oil geographic expedition, and joint ventures. In an effort to remain in power, he is seeking to accommodate his state to the new world of the universe. Rather than stamp downing the educated elite, he is giving them a topographic point in steering Cuba. The inquiry is, will they finally want more power and a right to command Cuba? s destiny without Castro? s counsel and support? If the prostration of past governments is any indicant, they will finally desire more power. When Castro came to power in 1959, his major American oppositions, as with Guatemala, were the concern involvements who were losing out as a consequence of his constabularies. The major force per unit area for the Americans to make something came, non merely from the Cuban expatriates in Florida, but from those concerns. Today, the tabular arraies are turned and concerns are losing out because of the American trade stoppage against Cuba. It is estimated that if the trade stoppage were lifted, $ 1 billion of concern would be generated for US companies the first twelvemonth. As of now, 100 houses have talked to Cuba about making concern at that place after the trade stoppage is lifted. Will American policy alteration toward Cuba because of force per unit area from concern involvements and turning jobs with refugees from Cuba? Given the grounds why the United States got involved in Latin American political relations in the first topographic point, it is really likely their place will al ter if they can happen a face salvaging manner to make so. American policy at this clip though is still stuck in the cold war. The president of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee Jesse Helms said, ? Whether Castro leaves Cuba in a perpendicular or horizontal place is up to him and the Cuban people. But he must and will go forth Cuba. ? Misinformation and misdirection caused the failure of the Bay of Pigs invasion. The effects were the? egg in the face? for the Americans and an addition in tenseness between the world powers at the tallness of the cold war. We will merely hold to wait and see if the Americans have truly learned their lesson and will non lose another chance to put things right in Cuba. ? This image was taken of President Kennedy walking with three Cuban Exiles in 1961. Fedarko, Kevin. ? Bereft of Patrons: Desperate to Rescue his Economy, Fidel Turns to an Unusual Solution: Capitalism. ? Time Magazine, hebdomad of February 20th, 1995. Internet, hypertext transfer protocol: //www.timeinc.com, 1995. Meyer, Karl E. and Szulc, Tad. The Cuban Invasion: The Chronicle of a Disaster. New York: Frederick A. Praeger, Publishers, 1962 and 1968. Mosley, Leonard. Dulles: A Biography of Eleanor, Allen, and John Foster Dulles and their Family Network. New York: The Dail Press/James Wade, 1978. Prados, John. Presidents? Secret Wars: CIA and Pentagon Covert Operations Since World War II. New York: William Morrow and Company, Inc. , 1986. Ranelagh, John. CIA: A History. London: BBC Books, 1992. Rositzke, Harry, Ph.d. The CIA? s Secret Operationss: Espionage, Counterespionage, and Covert Action. New York: Reader? s Digest Press, 1977. Rusk, Dean and Richard. As I Saw It. New York and London: W.W. Norton and Company, 1990. The New York Times. 16 April to 22 April, 1961. New York: The New York Times, 1961. Vandenbroucke, Lucien S. ? Anatomy of a Failure: The Decision to Land at the Bay of Pigs. ? Political Science Quarterly, Volume 99, Number 3, Fall 1984.

Benefits of Higher Education for Individuals and Society Research Paper

Benefits of Higher Education for Individuals and Society - Research Paper Example People of the yesteryears believed in completing their high school and attaining a mediocre degree to enter within the business and work domains. They did not focus much on gaining higher education which essentially meant that they missed out on exploring their strengths (Emiliani 2004). Since they did not quite know what they were good at, they felt they were behind the ones who had achieved success by being a part of the higher education settings. Thus the race set in for achieving better grades within the professional realms by taking admission in colleges and universities which imparted higher education to the students and professionals alike (Maletz 2012). As higher education became more and more developed with the passage of time, people started to realize that this was something that they should have discerned in the past. The ones who had missed out earlier came back to the universities and colleges, and restarted their journey to attain higher education. This was a positive move all the same and the ones who took higher education within their stride must be credited with sincere efforts on their part. Needless to suggest, the differences amongst middle management and specialists within any industry of the world is in terms of their higher education. This implies for the specialists to comprehend their work regimes better than the average middle manager within an organization, to quote as an example. It is correct that the specialists of today attain middle management roles yet remain just that – specialists. They are respected more for the uniqueness that they bring towards their professional domains, and are hailed openly by the people both in and out of an organizational environment. It is correct to say here that the specialists have that... This paper talks that it would be fair to suggest that higher education is a subject which must be analyzed upon in detail by the people. The role of the scholars, researchers and educationists is of utmost significance here, as they are the ones who mold people into having fair opinions regarding higher education. If these people dictate the essential role of higher education within the lives of the people, the individuals of the society would realize what they need to do and how to do it will be suggested by these learned men alone. People attaining higher education will multiply and thus exponentially increase, whereby new students would also get encouraged and go out there to attain higher education as well. The cost will therefore become a kind of revenue which will mean immense satisfaction for the people that live within any society of the world. This essay amkes a conclusion that the need of the hour is to bring about a collective good for the sake of the society and the individuals who live within it. It will take care of the gross irregularities that exist within this world and bring about a sense of sanity within the differing ranks that men and women undertake on a consistent basis. All said and done, this discussion has centered on the premise of bringing about wellness for the sake of the society by imparting higher education to its citizens. If these efforts continue, there will be avenues through which men and women shall achieve even more success in the coming times. The need is to understand how the initial step has to be taken, and then all other remaining ones would be crossed easily.

Journal 5 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 10

Journal 5 - Essay Example In my opinion, the most important topics are the reality of Jesus, creations of God and how our actions translate into outcomes. As far as thinking about what God has done in my life during this semester is concerned, I would like to express my thanks to the God, who has opened doors to the information that is related to him. I have come to realize that God has a greater plan for me and He wants me to realize his might, despite the fact that my mind is full of questions regarding his existence. E.g. I know that speaking the truth is ordained in Bible; this is a matter of simple ethics and everybody knows this by instinct that truth should be spoken. On the other hand, when I am expected to believe in something that my logic fails to comprehend, I start looking for logical answers and this is the area where I find it difficult to assimilate the information presented to me in the form of a sacred text. For example, how is God 1 and 3 at the same time? How is he a human and God simultan eously? I only pray for the well-being of my parents, friends and family and although I’d appreciate if my professor prays for that also, I’m certain that God is as close to me as he is to my professor. So, I think I should pray to God myself for things that are desired in my

Managing Human resources Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Managing Human resources - Essay Example ts are losing ground to a new generation of value-added core HR functions that include career planning, executive development, training, succession planning and organization development’ (Rowden, 1999, 22). In any case, the importance of human resource management (HRM) for the development of business activities cannot be denied; in fact, HR can help a firm to improve its position in its industry; in order for this target to be achieved it is necessary that the knowledge available in all organizational departments is appropriately evaluated and processed (Lawler et al., 2003). On the other hand, the cost involved in the development of various HR policies could be a reason for the limitation of relevant business initiatives; the specific issue is highlighted in the study of Haines (1997) where it is noticed that most firms worldwide ‘view their human resources as an expense rather than an asset -- an element that is expendable and perhaps discarded when the skills possesse d becomes obsolete’ (Haines, 1997, 95). Indeed, in a survey conducted by the National Statistics of UK – the most recent available data on this issue – it was proved that ‘‘nine out of ten employers (90 per cent) had provided any job-related training (either off- or on-the-job training) to their employees in the 12 months prior to the interview’ (National Statistics Online, UK, 2002). In the above report it is noticed that for previous years, the indications regarding the behaviour of employers towards their employees are similar. Current paper focuses on the examination of the various aspects of rewarding in a specific firm: JINNIKINS JEANS. The practices of the firm regarding the specific issue are presented and explained trying to identify the potential effects of these practices on the firm’s objectives – either in the short and the long term. In the firm under examination, the reward system is based on specific actions – in hierarchical order; the benefits for the

What are the motivations of people who become volunteers at major Literature review - 1

What are the motivations of people who become volunteers at major sport events - Literature review Example Literature review for this study has been conducted in the traditional manner by first reviewing literature on volunteering in general and then moving on to the specific subject of volunteering in sports. The barriers and motivation to volunteering both in general and in the sport sector have been evaluated. Data on the economy value of volunteering both in the general and the sports sectors have been reviewed and the dynamics of volunteering evaluated. This section reviews literature on the concept of volunteering in the general sector. The year 2011 was declared the â€Å"European Year of Volunteering† aimed at recognizing the contribution that volunteers make to society (Cattan, Hogg & Hardill, 2011). This demonstrates the value of volunteering in a society and particularly in Europe. The voluntary sector comprises of all activities and services extended on the basis of volunteering – unpaid work in a formal business environment (Gallarza, Arteaga, Floristà ¡n & Gil, 2009). Volunteering services has its roots in a positive attitude that gives rise to the feeling that serving the society or helping people can lead to a higher degree of life satisfaction. However, the definitions of volunteering and volunteerism range from being altruistic to engaging in unpaid activity. Volunteering has been defined as working for no gain (Waikayi et al, 2012), and as an activity that is freely chosen, does not involve remuneration and helps and benefits people beyond their immediate family (Cattan, Hogg & Hardill, 2011; Hoeber, 2010). Definitions from the Australian Bureau of Statistics and Canada Survey of Giving, Volunteering and Participating, Statistics Canada, highlight several key dimensions of volunteering – free choice, formal structure and lack of payment (Hoeber, 2010). The nature of volunteering action can range from volunteering out of free will, being coerced to volunteer or being obligated to volunteer.

Assessment Centre Case Study 'University Reunion' Essay

Assessment Centre Case Study 'University Reunion' - Essay Example The major reason companies or businesses merge is to reduce or save on the production cost especially in the case of former competitors, generate capital for entering into the markets or launching products, and possessing technical knowledge and complementary practice needed to compete effectively in the market. (Sanders, 2012) Acquisitions and merger The term merger and acquisitions are usually used by several people as if they are synonyms of each other, but a slight difference exists between the two terms. According to Investopedia (2011), when a single company takes over another company and establishes itself clearly as the new owner, the sale or purchase is referred to as acquisition e.g. Panflow acquiring the Vatline Company. The force that allows for new business enhanced cost efficiencies is known as synergy. Synergy assumes the form of cost savings and revenue enhancement. When the companies merge, they hope to benefit from four major ways, which are also the ones that may g enerate issues if not handled well. These areas are economies of scale, acquisition of new technology, staff reductions, and improvement of industry visibility and market reach. Business issues The subject of employees is usually handled as a minor business issue while it has a huge role to play in the success of the merger or acquisition. John Reh (2012) refers to this issue as merger mania, and advocates for a successful management of people to achieve a successful merger. Bersin & Advocates (2010) supports this idea by presenting it from the perspective of HR consulting and outsourcing. The main reasons for a company acquiring another or merging are critical to the solutions of the business issues that may arise due to the company acquisition. Identifying the strategic reasons why Panflow acquired Vatline aids in concentrating on the synergies that Panflow may require for success. Common strategic reasons or objectives for acquisitions that range from complementary market and pro ducts, acquisition of key technology, gaining creative talent (from Vatline), and eliminating competitor are important in determining the solutions to the business issues. (Daunt, 2002: p.2) Merger pitfalls Gitelson et al (2001) identifies seven key areas that any merger needs to look into from the beginning in order to ensure success. These areas or pitfalls are preoccupation, list-making, organizational proliferation, irrelevant and infrequent communication, triangulation, relatives, and the guiding light. Technical issues The idea of merging organizations or companies always requires the technological integration between the two companies. Vatline and Panflow are utilizing different software and hardware platforms and making the same business units to function as one the companies require a technology in place that would enable the different systems to communicate at a machine level. (William, 2004) The easier way to attain this is for one group to migrate to the same technology functions as the other. The manner that should be followed in selecting the best technological platform to use would be considering the technological superiority of one of the systems over the other. Apart from the superiority of the technology, the major issue is supposed to be the ease at which the transition from one system to another would be achieved from the procedure, organizational structure, and

Case Study International Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Case Study International Business - Essay Example int in time, the only way of achieving such a goal was to integrate with the market in the same way that IBM was operating within the domestic market. One of the main reasons for why this classical approach was no longer working for IBM as soon as the early 1990s had to do with the fact that the world was becoming increasingly globalized. In addition to the collapse of the Soviet Union, the interaction and integration between economies and business entities throughout the world had been on a dramatic increase; so much so that continuing to operate by the classical model with no longer yield the same level of profitability that IBM had been able to appreciate in the past. Naturally, in order to survive in this new climate change, IBM saw it necessary to integrate a more global Outlook. In much the same way that certain businesses fail due to the fact that they are not able to change with the times, IBM’s on the necessity of change and instantly integrated with it so that the risk of not changing could be ameliorated. The first and most obvious strategic advantage to IBM of globally integrating its strategy has to do with the fact that it will be able to take advantage of the unique aspects that certain markets exhibit. For instance, within China, a relatively low cost level of production has been established. By means of comparison and contrast, expertise and development has been created within India. By utilizing these unique realities within the global market, IBM’s strategy can be more closely honed to the expertise that it can draw from as well as the unique dynamics and demands of its consumer base. From an analysis of the framework, it is clear and apparent that IBM is wholeheartedly pursuing a level of diversification, change, globalization, and development. Even though the industry could clearly be categorized as an established firm that has been able to accrue a wide level of profitability from various consumers in the past, it understood the fact

Mobile Technology in Education Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Mobile Technology in Education - Research Paper Example This research paper will focus on the use of mobile technology in the region of United States, its acceptability as well as its pros and cons on the population of United States. Mobile devices or technology used in educational settings is regarded as instructional technology which is used to facilitate the process of learning and helping in the improvement of performance of students and educators (Reiser, 2012). Mobile technology is not only being used within the setting of classrooms, it is even being used outside the classrooms for learning and development. A study was conducted by Bangert in which the author identified that a total of 249 students at an American university named Montana State University were using Smartphone in order to continue learning outside their classrooms (Bangert, 2014). There are various mobile devices being used for learning and development by the students belonging to different fields in the United States. For example: students belonging to the field of medicine are using tablet computers which are a form of mobile devices and these devices have been quite useful in preclinical education (Robinson, 2013). There are various benefits that can be attained through the use of mobile technology in classrooms. These technologies help in making different educational processes effective and efficient. One of the major benefits of using mobile technologies in classroom is that it can assist in submission of work. A study was conducted by Lindquist in which the researcher identified various methods through which students could submit various forms of assignments and tasks with the use of a mobile phone (Lindquist, 2007). The researcher identified that students can submit answers in text based form to their teachers by text messaging the answers to the teachers. The researcher even identified that students can post or send picture based

Case Study on Cultural Differences Essay Example for Free

Case Study on Cultural Differences Essay Cultural differences can pose problems for health care workers. In the case of Linda Gorman, she is faced with the decision to report a woman for child abuse, or chalk it up to cultural differences. The question shouldn’t be whether or not she should report Mrs. Saeto, but rather, are Mrs. Saeto’s actions really considered child abuse? The answer to this can get muddled in cultural beliefs. For Americans, her actions qualify as abusive because Mrs. Saeto is unnecessarily causing harm to baby Marie by burning her. To the Mien culture, this is merely an act of protecting the child and curing her from an ailment. It really depends on what viewpoint one looks at it from. In the Mien culture, practices like this burning ritual are commonplace. The Mien culture believes in spirits and rituals that can cure ailments. To some outside of the culture, these practices may seem barbaric, but to them, some of American practices may seem barbaric as well. For example, Linda mentions the differences between burning a child and causing a child pain by giving them a shot. Both cause the baby to cry, and to both cultures, both are considered to be helping the baby stay healthy. To anyone outside of the American culture, American medical practices can potentially seem just as barbaric as burning a baby. This is directly related to cultural relativity, or â€Å"the view that practices and behaviors can be judged only by the cultural standards of the culture in which those practices occur,† (Hachen, n. d. ). According to David Hachen, â€Å"rejecting cultural relativity implies that there are universal standards by which the practices in all cultures can be evaluated,† (Hachen, n. . ). If Linda assumes that Mrs. Saeto’s beliefs are barbaric and should be reported, she is practicing ethnocentrism, or â€Å"the view that one’s own culture is the superior culture and therefore its standards are the ‘universal’ ones that should be used to judge behaviors in all cultures,† (Hachen, n. d. ). Linda needs to decide whether her practices and beliefs are superior to Mrs. Saeto’s, and therefore the standard by which to compare Mrs. Saeto’s actions. Should Linda find Mrs. Saeto’s actions unacceptable in the American culture, how should she proceed? Should she report Mrs. Saeto for child abuse, or should she confront her in the hopes to change Mrs. Saeto’s opinions concerning Mien cultural cures and medical practices? If Linda decides to confront Mrs. Saeto, she should probably explain to her that in America, most people would consider her actions abusive to baby Marie and that she should probably not continue to â€Å"cure† her in this manner. This poses another ethical dilemma. By imparting this knowledge to Mrs. Saeto, Linda is, in a sense, assimilating Mrs.  Saeto to American culture. How far is too far? If Mrs. Saeto gives up this practice, and similar ones, in order to not seem abusive to her American peers, what else will she have to give up from her culture? Linda’s best options for handling the situation are to talk to Mrs. Saeto and try to explain the dilemma to her. She should convey that she understands the cultural differences, but that if another doctor who does not understand sees the burns, it may be misconstrued as child abuse. She shouldn’t threaten Mrs.  Saeto with reporting her, but should rather allow Mrs. Saeto to see both sides of the story, as Linda is seeing them. Hopefully, this will allow Mrs. Saeto to make an educated decision in her own time, regarding the practices. Neither side is right, nor wrong, in this case, however, Mrs. Saeto must be made aware of the potential danger she could face by continuing her Mien practices in America, where the wrong person may see and not understand and make a rash decision that could harm Mrs. Saeto’s family in the long run.

Prose Commentary, Pat Barker Essay Example for Free

Prose Commentary, Pat Barker Essay The title of the book from which this excerpt is taken, Regeneration, highlights what I see as the main theme in this thought provoking prose piece. This piece of prose raises images for me of the moist dampness, humid soil, death and the prospect of life arising from the continuation of the cycle of life and death. These Images are shown in phrases such as the final sentence, which says, Now they could dissolve into the earth as they were meant to. This sentence is the one which stuck out most to me in the whole excerpt; I found it very powerful in that it brings out the theme of regeneration to the reader and it is a sentence which sticks in your mind. I can see this as an overall whole picture, where Burns, who I view as a returning soldier, perhaps from the Gulf War given the date, experiences, and successfully faces one of his terrible fears, picked up from the war, of bloody, dead corpses, and through this finds the prospect of soul peace before him. I also see that nature and the cycle of life as a big theme in this excerpt as it shows up in nearly every line. Words such as, rain, mud, trees and wind support this. The narrative structure of this excerpt is also important, because it is as if the story of Burns is being told by someone else and so it is likely not subject to the bias of the actual persons account. In the first three paragraphs, rain and the wetness of the land is a large part of describing, setting the scene and the tone of the rest of the excerpt. The author creates a feeling about Burns, that he is somewhat stranded, for the writing states, He didnt know what to do and so long since hed been anywhere alone. As well as creating a lost feeling this sentence confirms the thoughts, though not directly, that Burns is a returning soldier. The use of the words, Raindrops dripped with the repeated d sound, creates the patter of large raindrops. Persistent and monotonous link up with each other to remind the reader of the continuity of the wetness. When Burns reaches a fence, he sees that, A tuft of grey wool had caught on one of the barbs. Perhaps an animal had once quite recently struggled to free itself from this discontinuity in nature as Burns does when he too gets caught on a barb just like an animal. The repetition of the b sound in Burns blinked, carries on the theme of the persistence of the rain. Throughout the whole of the third paragraph there is another repetition of the b sound, this time though it is used to bring out the sound of the thud and plodding of Burns in his mud encumbered boots. There is also a repetition of the s sound in words such as slipping and stumbling for exactly that, to create the sound of someone slipping in the wet mud. The writer also uses words such as cold, khaki and tight cloth to create a chilling stiff sound to make the reader feel the cold that Burns is experiencing. In the next two paragraphs, the author makes the wind and its severity, an impacting factor on Burns' progress toward the safety that he seeks. The wetness of the setting which surrounds Burns is also again a major influence in his quest. The tone of these two paragraphs is much more severe than the first three. The author says that the wind tries to scrape Burns off its side. suggesting that the situation has become more intense. That line is very effective literally because the word scrape is an onomatopoeic word and when joined together with side it creates an alliterating s sound. The fact that he has to keep his head bent and the Rain beat onto his head both confirm the increased severity of the weather. When the weather is so bad that the distance vanishes in a veil of rain, the alliterating v sound bringing out the hum of the constant rain, Burns' survival instinct kicks in and he decides to take shelter, running clumsily toward a clump of trees. But again he is slowed to a walk because of the dragging mud. The words mud dragged are effective here, for even to say them together takes effort and your reading is slowed by them, amplifying their effect. The sucking of your reading is again shown in the words mud-clogged boots, the d, g and b sounds all together make the reader have to pronounce each syllable in a drawn out way. Where the author talks about, the whine of shells he is referring to the sound that you hear when you put a shell to your ear and compares it to the noise of the wind through the trees. In paragraph five the author shows the exhausted Burns so tired he cannot even be bothered to wipe away the rain drenching his face. In the next three paragraphs, the tone of the extract becomes quieter; there is neither mention of the intense rain nor the sound of it. The tone of the setting becomes almost sinister amongst the trees. Burns now in what he thinks is the safety of the trees continues to stumble and the writer again uses the repeated b sounds in the words, began, stumbling, blindly and between to show us that Burns has still not quite got his bearings right yet. The author uses the repeated c sounds in the words catching, clumps and bracken to the same effect. Because he is stumbling blindly, something brushed Burns' cheek and when he tried to push it away, his hand touched what he first thought to be slime. On turning to see what it was, Burns discovered that there was a dead mole, suspended, apparently, in air. The use of commas in those few words are effective because they make the reader pause and thus put emphasis on a very important part of the extract, it begins the change in plot of the whole extract. Its small pink hands folded on its chest. suggests the authors feeling that the mole was innocent, but was still killed. The author provokingly compares the dead animals Burns sees to a fruit tree bearing, what the author makes you think are heavy fruit by using the word laden. Heavy fruit because they are generally more likely to smell of decay, which is what the dead animals are, decaying. The author quite interestingly uses animals from each part of the earth; the magpies from the sky; the fox from the ground and the moles from under the ground, this I see as a continuation of the regeneration theme carried on throughout the whole excerpt. I think that the fox scared Burns so much because it reminded of something that he saw in the war. Again in paragraph eight the trees are against Burns. The author uses the alliteration of the words twigs tore through the t sound to remind the reader of the snapping sound of twigs and the force that Burns was putting into getting away was enough to snap the twigs on his skin. It brings out how frightened he really was. The writers reference to dead leaves also fits in with the theme of Regeneration for dead leaves must dissolve into the earth to create nutrients for the trees from which they fell and thus continue the circle of life. In the short paragraph nine, the setting changes briefly once more because Burns goes out into the field once more. He splashes effectively through the alliterated flooded furrows, the f making the sound of the swishing water. Burns then hears a voice, probably the voice of a fellow soldier from the war. It is said to be the voice of a person named Rivers. I did find it quite ironic that the author of the book from which this excerpt is taken, would use the name Rivers for the voice which Burns hears because in Scotland a small river is called a burn. This brings out to me that the author is making the aspect of water very important to this particular scenario. I feel that the use of water here is important to the overall theme of regeneration because water is a key part in the cycle of life, it is the source of all life and so I think that this is why the author emphasises this point. The voice that Burns hears tells him that, If you run now, youll never stop. basically telling him to face his fear. This may be because perhaps Burns ran away from something before and did not face his fear. The last two paragraphs of the excerpt talk of Burns facing his fear, finding a peace amongst his dead companions and his finding a control which he did not have at the beginning of the excerpt. Burns turns back therefore facing his fears. The fact that the author talks about what the real Rivers might have said confirms that Rivers is a real person and he is probably still alive. When Burns lets down the dead animals he is allowing for the natural cycle of Regeneration to be complete. This seems to make him feel better for he sits down inside the circle of his companions who he no longer views as scary and is happy because, Now they could dissolve into the earth as they were meant to do. By facing his fear, Burns was regenerated in himself, this also made him content. The last line is the most important in the whole text; it sums up and puts into context the entire idea of Regeneration. In conclusion I would say that there is one main theme in this excerpt; it being the ongoing recurrence of the idea of Regeneration through the means of nature, water, the cycle of life and death and the facing of fear. It is also important to say that in order for regeneration to happen, something has to die.

Utilizing Superelastic Shape Memory Alloy Strand

Utilizing Superelastic Shape Memory Alloy Strand I tried to maintain the story in following order: General background on steel MFRs before Northridge earthquake What happened after Northridge Earthquake and still what are the problems remaining? What are the approaches taken to solve the problem? Concept of Post tensioned connection Studies on PT connection with steel Alternative to steel strand (previous studies on SMA strand). Objective of this study. Feasibility study of utilizing superelastic shape memory alloy strand in post tensioned steel beam column connections for improved seismic performance Introduction: During the 1960s, welded steel beam-column connections were considered to be the most ductile system against earthquake. Therefore, a number of industrial and commercial buildings were constructed in the western part of united states at that time.   However, the Northridge earthquake of January 14, 1994, indicated that welded connections are susceptible to brittle fracture at the beam-to-column joints. This failure mode was observed even for structures subjected to a moderate level of ground shaking. Although, these buildings didnt collapse (which is desired by the building code), the connection behavior was not as expected. Further investigation revealed that similar damage was observed in a limited number of buildings during 1992 Landers, 1992 Big Bear and 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake (FEMA-350). Studies have been carried out to investigate the reasons behind it. Based on the investigation, significant design changes was implemented to the pre-Northridge moment resisting frame des igns (Engelhardt and Sabol, 1997). Post-Northridge structures are designed in such a way that it is still expected to sustain damage during severe earthquake but without affecting the life safety limit (Chancellor et al. 2014). Residual deformation that may exist after the earthquake can require expensive repair works and in some cases the demolition of total structures. Depending on the scenario, the total cost of demolition or repair work can be a burden to the overall economy of a country. An example can be the earthquake of magnitude 6.5 that occurred in Christchurch, New Zealand in May 2014. The repair works required 40$ billion (New Zealands dollar) which was approximately 20% of the total GDP of the country. In another study, McCormick et al. (2008) showed that the repair of structures with residual drift greater than 0.005 rad is not economically feasible. Conventional moment resisting frames are designed to resist collapse by using the inelastic properties of nonreplaceable elements. Therefore, these systems can dissipate energy during large inelastic deformation but unable to recover the residual deformation. In this regard, research has been done to improve the performance by introducing reduced beam section (RBS) (Tremblay and Filiatrault, 1997), connection reinforced with cover plates (Engelhardt and Sabol, 1997), haunches (Uang et al. 2000), and side plates (Shiravand and Deylami, 2010). However, the existence of residual deformation after severe earthquake is still possible. To address this above mentioned issues, a new class of lateral force resisting system has been developed which can sustain severe earthquake with little or no residual deformation. This smart structure can return to its plumb position after load removal (herein referred to as a full self-centering), without any residual deformation. This new system is termed as post tensioned (PT) steel moment resisting frames. In this system, beams are post tensioned to the columns, which run parallel to the beams and pass through the column flanges, are used to provide self-centering to the moment resisting frames (Moradi and Alam, 2015). The reduction of residual displacement in PT connection is controlled by a gap opening mechanism.   Due to the gap opening between steel column and beams, a significant reduction in stiffness occurs, which is desirable. As the decrease in stiffness attracts less force to the connection (i.e. softening occurs without structural damage) by lengthening the structur al period (Chancellor et al. 2014). Past few years, several researchers have investigated and still investigating the seismic performance of self-centering steel moment resisting frames. Ricles et al. (2002), experimentally investigated the self-centering behavior of steel PT connection on five cruciform shaped specimens. The results showed that steel PT connection sustain small residual deformation compared to the conventional welded connection. Further study based on several affecting parameters such as flange reinforcing plate, shim plate, number of PT strand, angle size, and gage length are considered by Garlock et al. 2003, 2005. The effect of floor diaphragm on the self-centering behavior of steel moment resisting frames were investigated by Garlock et al. (2007). A performance based design guideline for self-centering PT connection was also outlined. In design procedure, the interaction between the floor system and the self-centering PT connection was considered. Dobossy et al. (2006) proposed a method for asses sing structural limit state probabilities for a self-centering frame (with top-and-seat angles). Monte Carlo simulation was used for generating demand curves. The possibility of exceeding a limit state at each floor of the structure was determined based on the demand and capacity curves.   Herning et al. (2011) used a reliability based method to evaluate the likelihood of reaching the limit state of PT strand yielding. A predictive relationship between the beam-column relative rotation and the story drift was proposed. Based on the results, the response of three nonlinear models of prototype self-centering frames was found to be adequate to thousands of synthetic ground motions. The probability of reaching the limit state of strand yielding ranged from 0 to 15%. The self-centering capability of PT connection can also be improved by using smart materials such as shape memory alloys (SMAs). Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) is a class of equiatomic metal showing mechanical properties not present in materials usually employed in engineering application (Fugazza, 2003). In most cases NiTi is referred to as a shape memory alloy. But some other alloys show the same characteristics of NiTi alloy. If not stated otherwise, NiTi will be used as SMA throughout this paper. The importance of Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) in civil engineering application is increasing rapidly due to its capability of large strain recovery, absence of residual strain upon unloading and high energy dissipation ability. This exceptional property can be used in post tensioned steel beam column connection. The idea of implementing shape memory alloy on post tensioned connection has already been investigated by a number of previous studies. Ocel et al. 2004 considered two partially restraine d (PR) connection to investigate their performance during static and cyclic loading. Martensitic phase (Shape memory effect) was used in both connection. The tested connection was capable of dissipating large energy without any strength degradation up to a drift level of 4%. Using SMA tendons, about 54% and 76% of the beam tip displacement was recovered with or without simulated dead loads, respectively. Ma et al. (2007) presented a highly ductile steel beam column connection by using shape memory alloy bolt. The bolts shanks are 1.2 times longer than the conventional steel bolt. These bolts provide the ductility to the connection by absorbing inelastic deformation. After the deformation phase, it can regain its original shape by recovering 94% of the total deformation. Desroches et al. (2010) studied the behavior of shape memory alloy (SMA) on both austenite and martensite phase. The superelastic SMA bars were found to be responsible for reducing the residual deformation and marten sitic bars were efficient in controlling peak deformations. Ellingwood et al. (2010) evaluated the performance of steel frames with or without SMA connections based on probabilistic framework. Four interior steel beam column connection incorporating different types of SMA (i.e. martensitic NiTi and austenite NiTi) and steel tendon, were investigated by Speicher et al. (2011).   The connection incorporating superelastic NiTi alloy was able to recover up to 85% of its deformation after being loaded upto 5% drift. The objective of this study can be categorized in two phase. In phase one, an attempt has been made to reduce the strand length of existing PT connection without affecting the performance of the connection. In parallel to this study, the objective of phase two was to use shape memory alloy with reduced length. A recent study done by Chowdhury et al. (2017) show that the reduction of PT strand length directly affect the stiffness, strength and moment capacity. Besides, PT connection loses self-centering capability due to the yielding of steel strand. This is due to the high stress concentration in steel and its low strain capacity. In this regard, shape memory alloy can be an efficient alternative due to its large strain capability (recoverable strain up to 8% for NiTi). The cost of NiTi alloy is a major concern during its application. Therefore, reduced strand length will reduce the cost without affecting performance.

Archetype of Ulysses in the Odyssey :: essays research papers

We have read an adventurous story called The Odyssey. It was about a hero named Ulysses who goes through many conflicts to get home. He has faced monsters to beautiful women, but he still got home. Ulysses fits the model of an archetype. There are three ways he fits into the model. One way that Ulysses fits into the model of an archetype is that he has a supernatural power. An archetype means an original pattern. Ullyses has the abilities of strength. He is also very clever. Ulysses has alot of strength because he can bend the bow to connect it but no one else could. He had also liffted his men onto his ship two by two. He is also very clever because he outwitted many of the monsters he faced. For example, when Ulysses faced the cyclops Polyphemus he planned to blind his one eye. It was really clever when Ulysses and his men hid under the sheeps. Another way that Ulysses fits the model of an archetype is that he has flaws.In other words he is not perfect.If he was perfect he would be boring and it wouldn"t be interesting if he does the amazingest thing.It wouldn"t be interesting because you would already expect that from someone who is perfect.One of Ulysses flaw is that he is greedy. In the beginning of the story when Ulysses won the war between Troy he had taken all the treasures. He had taken so many there ship barely had room for food. Then when they went to more places he got greedy and took more treasures now leaving no room for food.That is why Ulysses and his men went hungry. He is also a little stubborn because when he saw his men eating the cattle that was forbidden to eat he had gotten all mad but, when his men convinced him he ate. The third reason why Ulysses fits the model of an archetype is because he had someone supernatural help him. The supernatural someone was Athena who helped Ulysses and helped him make important decisions . Athena is the godess of wisdom and it wasn't a coincidence that Ulysses was also clever.

European History - Unification of Italy :: European Europe History

Unification of Italy Q: Describe & Explain the Unification of Italy. The Unification of Italy divides in to 3 main stages: 1815-1830: Revolts all over Italy. Revolts are suppressed. 1848-1849: Revolts all over Italy. Revolts are suppressed. 1858-1870: The unification of Italy Introduction To understand the unification of Italy, matters before the revolution need to be examined. Up until 1716, Italy was just a big piece of land divided among small kingdoms of monarchs. (ref. H.O. #1 p.29) When napoleon Bonaparte conquered Italy, he left them 3 things, which were probably the key characteristics in the revolution: - Efficient Government. - A practical demonstrations of the benefits from a unified Italy - Hatred towards foreign influence. After the fall of Napoleon, the major European powers (Austria, Russia, Spain, United Kingdom, & Prussia) what was to be done with Italy, which was conquered at the time by Napoleon. It was thus decided that Italy would be divided among different monarchs, all associated with the Habsburgs (except for Piedmont Sardinia, which was to be ruled by Victor Emmanuel, an independent monarch, and Papal States, ruled by the pope.). (ref. H.O. #1 p. 29-30) Austria had very strong domination over Italy. It had agreements with Ferdinand, king of Kingdom of the 2 Sicilies, and helped the pope maintain his kingdom. Only Piedmont Sardinia wasn't influenced by Austria (ref. H.O. #1 p. 30). 1815 - 1830 Revolution Almost all "'Italians" hated the foreign influence of Austria on Italy. Metternich, an Austrian prince wanted to make sure no nationalist activities were in process in Austria's territories in Italy (which was Lombardy Venetia). He imposed repressive rule in Lombardy Venetia. German was the official language, a strong Austrian army was always present to suppress any hostile activities, an efficient system of spies reported on any nationalist activities, a strict censorship of news was present, and Italian history was banned in schools to avoid the younger generation from learning about the glorious Roman past. Metternich caused even further resentment when he obligated Lombards to serve in Austrian army, obey Austrian rules, and pay high taxes to Austrian empire. Lombardy Venetia's situation was very bad, and nothing seemed able to be done. (ref. H.O. #1 p. 30). The situation in Lombardy (and in other parts of Italy) led to the establishment of many secret societies dedicated to the cause of Liberalism and Nationalism the biggest and most famous of those societies was named Carbonari.

The Adaption Center for Patients with Cerebral Palsy Essay example --

The adaptations center that I had visited, help enable people with cerebral palsy to function more independently in the community. The adaptation center front entrance is wide with automatic sliding doors, so a person in a wheel chair can easily enter independently. The bathroom the door is also wide with an automatically open so that a person in wheel chair can easily use. The hallways are spacious for multiple people and wheel chair used. Locker rooms and showers are low to the floor and line up back to the room so they will have enough space. Its better this way because if the lockers wasn't line up side by side it would be congested and not enough room for wheel chair used. The elevators are wide so that many wheel chair can fit in and save a lot of trips from one floor to another, Also the button in the elevators are big and they are place lower down so it will be easy for wheel chair user to reach . The gym help people with cerebral palsy since the muscles of those are greatly affected by their condition, exercise can help improve flex ability, muscl...

Lorex Pharmaceuticals

The Case: Lorex Pharmaceuticals has come up with a new product, Litanol. This medicine seems to have a high potential which is developed for the treatment of high blood pressure. Company has come up with a manufacturing line and production is supposed to be begin next Monday. Following points are considered while analyzing the case: 1. The marketing team has decided to sell Litanol in sealed 10-ounce bottles, packaged in cases of 12 bottles each with a wholesale price of $186 per case. 2.The production capacity is 1000 bottles per case but due to certain unavoidable reasons, Lorex is producing Litanol at an average of 500 cases over an eight-hour shift. 3. The entire line was operated by two employees who are paid $12. 80 per hour. 4. Other charges include $89. 50 per hour for overhead and filling $1. 10 per bottle. 5. Bottles filled with less than 10 ounce are rejected and sold for 80% of normal price. 6. Attendants for secondary packaging are paid $8. 50 per hour. 7. A sample of fi lling process and test results is given in exhibit 2, with target of 10. fluid ounces. 8. The cost details from exhibit 1 are used to guesstimate for cost of other predicted samples (10. 3, 10. 4, 10. 5 and 10. 6 ounce samples). The issue: Recently, there was a case of clogging of storage area for underfilled bottles due to unexpected under filling. This was apparently because of one standard deviation allowed above required amount of 10 ounce. Alternatives: 1. We can revise the filling target from 10. 2 to reduce the no of under filled bottles without compromising on the gross margins. Various filling targets have been worked out on the next page 2.We can speculate the no of under filled bottles by studying the probability of occurrence of under filling for a period. Accordingly the storage area evacuation may be scheduled to avoid clogging Analysis: Lets assume the standard deviation to be same (0. 16) for all filling targets. This is justified because Std Dev measures the inaccur acy level of the filling machine which will remain same regardless of the filling targets. Below is the analysis and calculation showing different gross margins for different filling targets.

The Munich Putsch 1923 – source related study

1. descent C, Prelude To Terror was scripted by Richard Hanser in 1971 and hears to discredit Hitler and award him as a coward we hump this because he posits that Hitler pretended he was shot doomed and then fled from the scene of battle. And he as well as wrote at no point did he conceptualize hotshotic every(prenominal)y and he did non exactly c e reallywhere himself with glory. Hanser too wrote sarcastically that it is extremely hard or maybe impossible for the average humanity to lift some wizard even if he or she was a child. Not an unproblematic liaison to do with only one sleeve in working dedicate. By rangeing this Hanser thinks the come turn up of the closetcome almost(predicate) Hitler saving a pocket-size male child is a narration, he thinks inception B by john Toland is a story. extension B is a story do up by the national socialists while avow C is more the potential to be what had actually happened. character reference B on the other ha nd was published by nates Toland in 1976 and is sympathetic towards Hitler, he uses words such as distressingly, struggled, tediously and agony to describe how. crappers apprehension continues by John describing how Hitler looked whilst he was escaping, he had a pale face, cradling his wound arm and his hair was falling oer his face , according to Johns description of what Hitler looked similar when he escaped from the battle. Then John Toland said Hitler wanted to pick up a little boy who was exhaust profusely, and carry him to safety hardly schultze (Hitlers acquirer) told him non to and called soul else to take him. reference book B put one overs Hitler as a hero who c atomic chip 18s deeply of Germ either and its citizens. John satisfyms to energise establish this line on national socialist myth. The author of outset C wants to show Hitler as a coward. Hanser thinks that the national socialists make up a story somewhat a little boy, this story is obtain B.2. for the first time A is written by Konrad Heiden and is more potential to be unbent then bloods B, C and D. It is more accepted then these beginnings because arising A contains information provided by a examine that was their belike at the season of the Munich coup and saw the core. further spectator pumpes ar mountain who support for jump e reallywhere dogged intents of fourth dimension, the knowledge information of bloodline A was retrieved thirteen years after(prenominal) the pillow slip in which he or she could shake bury. The witness could lie or be slanted because he or she major power want Hitler to look bad, as he does in Konrad Heidens witness bet.Witnesses bottom of the inning find out manifold oer long periods of time if they not crap of what happened and place slightly change the circumstance if they furnish their view of what happened. However eyewitnesses shed seen the point that they talk some. A witness, as in one witness is less certain then some(prenominal) witnesses. If witnesses agree on an event that event is more likely to be true then a single witness who could be coloured, equivocation, confuse or forgotten about what happened. citation A agrees with radicals C and E. consultation B is credibly the least sure out of all the four character references because, for a commencement exercise it does not agree with any of the witnesss omit un legitimate blood line D. Which means that it probably is not true. The source of source B, John Toland had his view of the Munich coup published cardinal years after the event so probably got his information from secondary sources. If at that place were witnesses or a witness account in the source then John probably would devote stated it. It is unconvincing that a witness could survive for all over sixty years of ageAnd if he/she did, it would be hard for he/she to memorialize from the age of about seven. Witnesses or a witness could have for gotten over a long period of time such as fifty-three years. It is unconvincing that Johns source had been assisted by a witness or witnesses. Source B is ground on the Nazi propaganda of do Hitler and the Nazi caller appear the fittest political party for ruling Germany. Source B is very un current.Source C was written forty-eight years after the Munich putsch so in addition probably was not help by any witnesses. Richard Hanser the writer of source C agrees with source A that Hitler acted dastardly during the event. Richard says, at no point did he take heroically.Page 2Source A says Hitler was the first to get up, running play backrestwards and arrest shoot which means source A withal views Hitler as a coward. Although no witnesses were used to assist source C, source C agrees with the witness assisted source A. Source C is reli subject.Source D is a section of the Social Democrats election nib. solely parties atomic number 18 expected to discredit all other pa rties so that they win the or so votes and rule. This is what the Social Democrats atomic number 18 doing with source D. We disregard see this because the election poster says Hitler was lying flat on his belly in front of the Feldherrnhalle, a building airless to where the shooting took place. And that he crawled into a car. The poster uses words like crawled and belly to conjure that Hitler was like a worm, weak and slow, and to say Hitler was not heroic. Whoever is ill hobo seek his help with complete confidence by saying this. The Social Democratic party wants people to think Hitler is weak and slow concerning the ruling of Germany and that some(prenominal)one knows this.The election poster is aslope towards Hitler and the Nazis because they want people to vote for them and not other parties like the Nazis.Basically source D is propaganda for the Social Democrats to win votes, this source is very unreliable.Source E is the al close to reliable because it was aided by some(prenominal) witnesses, one of those witnesses was Dr Walter Scultz, a German have-to doe with. all(a) the witnesses agree that Hitler did not act heroically, what makes the source much(prenominal) more reliable is that Dr Walter Scultz also mentioned in the source that Hitler did not behave heroically. Shultz is a German doctor, so you would expect him to lie and say that Hitler was a hero. tout ensemble of the witnesses agree that Hitler was the first to get up and turn of events his back and that Hitler spirited off to the country home. Where Putzis wife and child nursed him and where two days later on he was arrested. These quotes O.K. up by several witnesses further the reliable scheme that Hitler is a coward and not a hero. The doctor did not lie, this is what makes this reason more reliable then all of the other sources, including source A. The writer of source E seems to have cross offed the witness accounts with other sources of demonstration to make sure th e witnesses are rotund the truth. Source E is support by the reliable sources A and C.3. A writer like John Toland would face the avocation problems when nerve-wracking to research exactly what happened during the Munich Putsch in 1923.Firstly he would urgency to comment witnesses because witnesses are a very reliable source ofInformation. Because John Tolands written piece of information was published in 1976 It would be hard for him to find witnesses since most would be dead (humans run low for about fifty to sixty years). If he did find a witness that witness would be very old, about seventy and would probably not remember exactly what happened. The witness would not be very clear on what happened and probably would have forgotten parts of what happened during the Munich Putsch. He/she has the ability to lie, be biased or he or she competency have forgotten what happened over such a long period of time. A witnesss memory could be vile or the witness business leader be co nfused or efficiency not be sure what happened. A witness may not be unbidden to give information about the event or might be hangdog that they took part and deny that they took part, they might overcloud the fact that they were there.The available narrate could be propaganda, it could have been made up or changed to make someone change the agency they think, or to cover up a mistake made by a somebody or group of people. A writer like John Toland might face problems with archives, documents discharge be propaganda or biased to one side. Incriminating attest could have been destroyed after or during a war to hide or censor information. Because of the long time surrounded by John Tolands written source and the Munich Putsch primary recount such as pics and written information could have been indistinct out and be hard-fought to see or read. Also to take into condition by a writer like Toland is that a buck could be made up/ constitute for, or changed. A way of telling if a photograph has been posed for is if the people in it are looking directly at the tv camera or if a large number of them are facing the camera. If people in a photograph look impress or if a few or none of the peoplein it are facing the camera, that photograph probably is reliable. To operate if a photograph has been changed it go away have to be viewed by a regent(postnominal) magnifying glass or high technical school computer to check for any grotesque aspects. Written documents can also be forged, destroyed or could have been bony out so that it would be difficult to read or impossible to read. To check if a document was forged the documentPage 3suspected of beingness forged should be compared with a genuine document if possible. Torn documents can be pieced together like a develop if its pieces were found.4. An idea is a point of view it is what a person thinks about something. Opinions are not capable of being true an opinion cannot be used as proof. The subject of an opinion from source C I have chosen is at no point did he behave heroically. The reason I chose this is because whether a person is a hero or not depends on how a person thinks and feels. This is an opinion, not a fact it is not necessarily true. A person might say that Hitler was a leader of an army, he should be brave and help his soldiers/ secluded police in any and every way possible.He should set an example and raise their morale. He should not be generateing himself down as soon as the shooting began and then running absent when he got the chance, he should have fought back and helped his men. This is an opinion. Another person might say that a leader of an army should throw himself down for cover and then run away for safety. This is another opinion. They are both two very diverse opinions. It all depends on a point of view. An opinion is a point of view it can not be fact. However it can comfort help to find the truth.5. The fact that reference is made in source E to the testimony of a witness makes it likely to be more reliable than sources B and C. The reason being that source E has been aided by several witnesses that all agree. Witness evidence is a very reliable source of evidence because an eyewitness has actually seen and heard the event he/she has been there at the time. However witnesses evidence can also be unreliable. An eyewitness can lie, be biased or confused. They might do these thing to cover up their blame, or they might have regretted something, they might be biased because they may want something or someoneTo look better then it is/was. They might have forgotten about the event or what had happened during the time because so much time has gone by. They might not be clear on what happened or might get mixed up and changed what actually happened, (the fact) to a different story or opinion. Source E is backed up by a Nazi doctor, who would be likely to say that Hitler acted heroically, yet he did not say this, in fact he sai d the foe Hitler was the first to get up and turn back.Although sources C and B have not been aided by witnesses (no witnesses were mentioned in these two sources), and they have been found on secondary sources source C is supported by source E in that they both display Hitler as not heroic and cowardly behaved during the Putsch. Sources B and C were published around fifty years after the Putsch, this makes them likely to have been based on secondary sources and withought witness evidence since witnesses can not unremarkably live long enough up to that time. Source B is not supported by any evidence and seems to have been based on Nazi propaganda, John Toland seems to have not check his piece of piece of writing with other sources. Source B has not been supported by any witness evidence. Source B is the least reliable out of sources E, C, and B.6.Source E top hat supports the explanation of events offered in source A because both of these sources give similar accounts of what H itler did when the Munich Putsch was occurring.Here is an example of what I mean, in source E, William L Shirer, the writer, says Hitler was the first to get up and turn back. He also said Hitler was the first to scurry to safety. Similarly to both of these quotes from source E, source As writer Konrad Heiden has written that Hitler was the first to get up, run backwards and drive away. The last part. In source A it is also said that Hitler did drive away during the putsch, source E also states Hitler hustled into the waiting motor car.The lowest similarity in both sources is that Hitlers soldiers were left field groundwork when Hitler fled from the gun battle. In source A it is written that Hitler left whilst hundreds of his comrades were still lying on the ground, in source E it is written Hitler was go away his dead and wounded comrades lying in the street.7. A historian would emergency to consider a large fare of things when using a photograph (source F) and motion-pictur e show (source G), as evidence of the Munich Putsch. He/she will need to know that a photograph can be a reliable source of evidence, but they can be posed for or faked after the Putsch, which can make them unreliable.Page 4Source F looks realistic because-* The people in it are not facing the camera, in fact most of their backs can be clearly seen, therefore it was not posed for* There are armed soldiers in it carrying rifles, short lances and they are mounted on horsesThis means there was, still is or is going to be gravel, probably between armed people.* The crowd of people in it are looking to the right of the photograph, where something out of the ordinary is happening, has happened or is going to happen, this is where the trouble isThe historian needs to consider wherefore this photograph was taken and who took it. Source F was probably taken by a passer by or by a journalist for a newspaper. He or she has to consider when it was taken. In source Fs case it was in 1923 on th e 9th of November, the similar day the Munich Putsch took place, this makes it more reliable. Source F does not attempt to facing pages a message to its viewers, it is neutral a historian needs to be able to check whether a photograph is trying to convey a message or if a photograph is just displaying sublimate facts.A historian needs to know that a painting does not usually intend to tell the truth, it displays what the artist thinks about something. Source G is what its artist thinks about the Beer Hall Putsch. This particular painting is Nazi propaganda, it was multicolored in 1933, ten years after the Putsch when Hitler came to power. It was probably painted to make Hitler seem like a powerful leader who the German people can trust and to make him and the Nazi party more popular. We know this because in the painting Hitler is standing high supra all the other people and he is speech confidently, we know he is speaking confidently because he is using arm movements to enforce his views and to make the people comfortably understand what he is saying. All different kinds and classes of German people are shown behind Hitler, listening very carefully as if they want what Hitler is saying to become true.For any paintings and photos to be accepted as evidence they should be checked for reliability against as many sources as possible.

The neoliberal economic and political situation

The $30-billion loan from IMF in 2002, which initially had to give rise to the Brazilian parsimony and lead it from the existing financial crisis, has proven to be ineffective. The presidential election and the Lula organisation have non met the goals, set by the International Monetary inventory and other international institutions. The government has neither interpreted the right orientation of carrying out legal and regulatory policies, nor opened the way out for others.The neoliberal scotch and semipolitical situation have only caused coming upon and worsened the existing problems with public debt, poverty, wage range and other essential issues. The core problems of Brazilian political climate contain budget deficit (which causes addition of public debt and high inflation rates), lack of agrarian, pension, army and social-program reforms, bureaucracy of trade unions, privatization (the most of the businesses be in the hands of Lula government and its allies), and misd emeanor of workers rights. The key piece of any country the worker is over-discriminated by the state.Women and Afro-Brazilians are discriminated and underpaid, the number of slaves and forced workers drastically increases, the corrupted government is involved in bribery, therefore, the illegal land exploitations (forest clearing, mining, and so forth ) that violate the right to adequate housing are widespread (Danish Institute for Human Rights, 2006). The lower tax revenue rate for private business do non meet the efficiency and equity for macroeconomic abiding situation and fiscal control, for income and property taxes are trim down by decreasing number of saturnineicial workers.According to the danger data, the Brazil government effectiveness risk is 68 of 100, tax policy risk is 63, with Brazil boilers suit risk rating assessment of 47 (data obtained from viewswire. com). These verse give the clear picture that the 250-billion debt in Brazil, violation of laws, illega l actions of the government and key entrepreneurs, create the disfavorable and temporary ground to foreign-owned businesses and dollarization does not give confidence in Brazilian economy.Moreover, the IMF debt can be cut off in the case if the Brazilian government does not meet the target. References Danish Institute for Human Rights. (2006). executive director summary of the Brazil country Risk Assessment. Online. October 29, 2007. lendable http//www. humanrightsbusiness. org/pdf_files/Brazil_%20Executive%20Summary. pdf. Risk ratings. (2007). Brazil risk ratings. Online. October 29, 2007. Available http//www. viewswire. com/index. asp viper? layout=RKcountryVW3&country_id=1480000148&rf=0

“Rain” by Edward Thomas Essay

On the door of join earth postulate of cont expiry I, the united body politic round up a essentialer in form to levy upstart manpower into the military. This arrangement zeal limits on sex, somatic disabilities, matrimonial status, and of course, age. Although Ed struggled doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting Thomas take flight step updoors of these restrictions, indeedce thrift him from always having to window-dress in uniform, a flag-waving(prenominal) Thomas n onenesstheless trea reli subjectd to armed service his country, so he prosecuteed. However, on state of ward raise uping his cont destructions in Europe, Thomas wrote the celebrated numbers, Rain, in which he discusses the pains of expiration and war. Thomas throws a verbaliser with whom he tin sess subsume and intakes this vocaliser to play the do adapted scenarios and opinionings that he whitethorn spirit in whatever upcoming militant military posts. In Rain, Thomas expression, organization, and punctuation mark e precise stand(predicate)(prenominal) t senior pigment intense, upset images, which in human activity channelize the rimes important corners stones throw of war and expiration.Thomas diction plays an necessary routine in reaffirming the songs briny theme. This is sp argon in the offset printing lines of the numbers when he writes, Rain, midnight come down, zero nonwithstanding the terrific f solely / On this in the buff hut, and purdah, and me / store again that I sh entirely pass off (1-3). The watch explicate come down is iterate common chord measure in the for the s conclusion-off off quantify literary argument, initi solelyy totally, then with the forego adjectives midnight and fell. each of these actors military control pull the Thomas milieu and map his lone billetss. The offset printing base precipitatefallfall stands solo with no adjective, sightly as Thomas is unaccompanied, date the molybdenum and trinity come down down be exposit by midnight and frenzied, which give off his environment and state of mind. These ideas bugger off much than than straightforward in the here and now pull, as Thomas uses the give-and-take solitude, reiterating his aloneness.In harm of diction, Thomas additionally incorporates several(prenominal) fables into his verse form. In track 13, he writes, similar a acold water supply among bewildered reeds, referring brook to a conjectural tell a percent one hopefully non existence disoriented among the biography and the all of a sudden(a)(a) (12). This parable paints an highly ill-humored picture, win illustrating Thomas sexual lifeings and pain. The adjectives cold and depressed in thi s allegory curiously try these feelings. some other(a) simile is nominate in lines 15 and 16 where Thomas writes, standardized me who withstand no roll in the hay which this wild fall / Has non turn up to now the turn in of termination. Now, Thomas is verbalize that he lacks passion because the fall has melted onward whatever make out he had. Now, he is hardly go away with dofor finish because he feels so crucify in his situation in the cold, wild pelting (15).Essentially, this rime shadow be change integrity into ii separate the frontmost of which, Thomas is writing in first person, manduction his interior feelings virtually himself the plunk for severalise in which he up to now discusses his privileged feelings, however this time, those feelings be unaccompanied some others, non himself. These split class at the finish of line 7, where a colon understandably label the spot. Ultimately, the Thomas is f slump by closing, and whi tethornbe is prehensile of those who consecrate died. He indirect requests to surplus himself of the torture he suffers waiting for his demolition and unspoiled wants to disturb wipeout e very(prenominal)where with, as he says, arouse be the inanimate that pelting rains upon (7). Here, the slain atomic number 18 evoke because they no wideitudinal mystify to plump for the angst and thwart of question when dying depart take chances. remnant is non an plectrum there is besides a study of time ahead it does happen, tho it is sure to happen in this war. happen upon the rain scarce rains upon the all in(p) it does not deluge or downpour, therefore, it paints a more calm image. These all in(p) argon deservingly universe cleansed and water-washed of all mediocre that has happened to them as the rain patters serenely on their smellless bodies.In the instantly part of this numbers, Thomas is sentiment mediocre or so his dear ones and hoping th at they be not sense of hearing to the rain as he is seeming demolition or thus in almsgiving (11). His savor ones argon roughly apt(predicate) his young man comrades, fri leftovers, and family. He hopes that no(prenominal) of his comrades ar equivocation in the alone in this rain, experiencing a mad death, and he hopes that his fri remainders and family ar not fabrication turn on in their beds pitiful active him. And should his comrades be dying on the engagement field, he push hopes that they atomic number 18 not mazed among the maintenance and the dead (12). The verbaliser envisions dead bodies all around him Myriads of upset(a) reeds all still and steady (14), and he feels very alone, as he repeats the cry solitude in both ways in lines 2 and 6 and lonely(prenominal) in line 10. He does not want his love ones to feel this akin way.In the last 2 lines of the verse, Thomas steers away from his thoughts close his love ones, as he creates a mor e face-to-face tone than the foregoing linesin the guerrilla part. In these nett two lines, Thomas discusses how he may arouse to thwart his love in tack together to do what is improve (17). In this sense, what is perfect, may very lowly what is right or what his intent tells him enlist in the war and match for his country. Here, the tempest, or rain, is verbalise him not to bilk himself and do what he feels in his heart. passim the good meter, Thomas has struggled with these images of war world in the unappeasableness, alone draw in the end, he knows his strong belief willing be death. It is entirely a enumerate of how he chooses his death, whether it is in battle or growth old at domicil with his family and friends, so long as he doesnt bring down himself.Thomas ideas about death are strengthened by the numberss punctuation and caesura. This poem is comprised solely of two article of faiths, the first endpoint at the end of line 6. bill 7 ser ves as a novelty line into the following(a) sentence, which begins at line 8. each of the poems caesura can be frame at the end of these sentences. In all other lines, except 6 (the end of the first sentence), 7 (line ends with a colon), and 18 (the end of the second sentence and poem), enjambement occurs. Thomas utilizes this sentence structure as a fiction for his feelings, which he expresses through with(predicate)out the poem. Effectively, the vocalisers thoughts are scattered, notwithstanding straight reflecting on his occurrent sensible situation in the rain storm, daydream about his love ones, and finally face up his fears of death just same(p) the sentences in this poem. These sentences are fair run-ons, stand for the consecutive thoughts of Thomas, nevertheless eventually, and sadly, Thomas life essential end, just comparable the poem. conclusion is, unfortunately, an concomitant that we moldiness all eventually face. Since Thomas wrote this poem sooner he fall in the war effort, he did not very know what it was kindred to fight in battle. However, through this poem he was able to aver his thoughts and prefigure the feelings of being a pass in war. The resource that Thomas is able to create through his word choice and punctuation is dark and distressing, to that degree very real. Thomas use of similes notwithstanding exaggerates his intragroup feelings as a soldier. The only love that Thomas possesses by the end of the poem is the love of death (16). How unacceptable it must feel to be so awful that you awaitdeath to put option you out of your misery. track down CitedThomas, Edward. Rain. The Norton Anthology of Poetry. Comp. Margaret Ferguson, Jon Stallworthy, and bloody shame Jo Salter. fifth ed. novel York W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 2005. 1255.